B.Ed 2nd Semester

Meaning of Teaching

The word 'Teaching' is used in three different contexts. First, it is used to refer to that which is taught as a doctrine or a body of knowledge. In the expression, "the teachings of Guru Nanak" or "the teachings of Tagore", reference is made to a body of knowledge or a system of beliefs. Secondly, teaching is used to refer to an occupation or a profession. Thirdly, teaching is used to refer to methodology of making something known to others. Teaching in this third sense has been discussed here.

Teaching is a social process. The meaning of teaching is 'to teach'. Teaching is a three-dimensional process in which the teacher and the student realize their nature through the curriculum. That is, by making a subject matter a medium, we call teaching only the exchange of ideas or mutual interaction between the teacher and the learner.

1. Narrower Meaning of Teaching

The narrow meaning of teaching is related to school education. In which changes are made by the teacher to a child at a certain place in a specific environment by certain teachers in his behavior according to the curriculum. In this, some knowledge or advice is given by the teacher to the student in the class.

In ancient times, education was teacher-centred, that is, the teacher used to teach the children according to his own accord, in this the interests and aptitudes of the child were not taken into account. But in the present time education has become child-centred. That is, at present, education is given according to the interests and aptitudes of the child.

2. Wider meaning of Teaching

All that is included in the broader sense of teaching. A person who learns throughout his life. That is, the broad meaning of teaching is that in which a person learns through formal, informal and non-formal means. In this, the learner keeps on developing all his powers progressively from birth to death.

Definitions of Teaching

Some of such definitions are defined below:

1. According to Clarke, "Teaching refers to activities that are designed and performed to produce a change in pupil behaviour."

2. According to Thomas F. Green, "Teaching is the task of the teacher which is performed for the development of a child."

3. According to Morrison, "Teaching is an intimate contact between a more mature personality and a less mature one which is designed to further the education of the latter."

4. According to B. O. Smith, "Teaching is a system of actions to induce learning."

5. According to Adams, "Teaching is a bipolar process, it's one pole is the teacher and another is the pupil."

Nature of Teaching

The nature of teaching can be explained in the form of the following statements:

(1). Teaching is an inter-process:- It is conducted between the teacher and the students for a specific purpose. In this, that process of teaching goes on in the classroom in which both the teacher and the learner are involved. The interaction will not be possible if the teacher continues to give empty lectures and the learners remain passive listeners.

(2). Teaching is both an art and a science:- The nature of teaching is both artistic and scientific. Teaching planning and evaluation activities are more scientific in nature whereas the process aspect of teaching is artistic in which the teacher uses his skills. The presentational aspect of teaching is the art in which appropriate teaching skills are used by the teacher in such a way that the learners get a good understanding of the subject matter and other teaching objectives are achieved. In order that the teaching does not become monotonous, a source of entertainment is also given.

(3). Teaching is a developmental process:- Through teaching, children are developed and the desired changes in behaviour are brought from them. Cognitive, emotional and functional aspects are developed.

(4). Teaching is a continuous process:- Teaching is a continuous process which continues till the achievement of teaching-learning objectives. It has three aspects – action, learning and evaluation.

(5) Teaching is a process of guidance:– In teaching, efforts are made to develop the students according to their abilities. Thus the goal is direction.

(6). Teaching is a three-way process:- Most educationists have called teaching as a tripartite process. According to Bloom, there are three aspects of teaching– (i) learning objectives, (ii) learning experiences and (iii) behaviour change.

(7). Teaching is a purposeful process:- The activities of teaching are done to achieve some specific objectives. For them, similarly adopts the nature of the planned process.

(8). Teaching is a social and professional process:– The process of teaching is carried out in a group of teachers and students. It is absolutely necessary to have at least one teacher and one student. Teaching is a professional activity in which individuals make their means of earning their livelihood, who are called teachers.

(9). Teaching is measured:- Teaching is measured in the form of the teacher's behaviour. Measurement of teacher behaviour and analysis of behaviour pattern are also done by observation methods.

(10). Teaching is a science:- The skill side of the presentation of teaching is an art, but their actions can also be logically monitored and evaluated. This gives it a scientific basis.

(11). Teaching is a formal and informal process:- The education process is carried out in the school according to the fixed program and is also conducted outside the school.

Functions of Teaching

The following are the functions of teaching-

1. To organize and organize the class.

2. To create learning conditions.

3. Analyzing the subject matter and task.

4. Motivating students to learn

5. To provide information about the individual differences of the students.

6. To develop children from ordinary to creative beings.

7. To solve the learning problems of the students.

8. Understanding the early behaviour of the students.

9. Enhancement, Concept of Confidence and Clarification of Problems.

10. To conduct assessments to check the final behaviour of the students.

11. Preparation of course material.

12. Evaluate.

Characteristics of Teaching

1. A desire to share your love of the subject with students.

2. An ability to make the material being taught stimulating and interesting.

3. A facility for engaging with students at their level of understanding.

4. A capacity to explain the material plainly.

5. A commitment to making it absolutely clear what has to be understood at what level and why.

6. Showing concern and respect for students.

7. A commitment to encouraging independence.

8. An ability to improvise and adapt to new demands.

9. Using valid assessment methods.

10. A focus on key concepts, and students misunderstanding of them rather than covering the ground.

11. Giving the highest quality feedback on student work.

Need and Importance of Teaching

1. Teaching is a skilful process. Teaching means imparting knowledge.

2. Changes are brought about by teaching in the behaviour and attitudes of the students.

3. Education is an important tool for the success of present and future life.

4. Teaching provides the scientific basis for the preparation of instructional designs.

5. Teaching is essential for imparting knowledge to the students.

6. Teaching provides information to the students.

7. Teaching is necessary to develop various abilities and abilities in the students.

8. Teaching exposes students to life experiences.

1. Teaching: Teaching refers to the process of imparting knowledge and skills to the learners. It involves the use of various methods such as lectures, discussions and demonstrations to help students understand and learn new concepts. A teacher's role is to provide guidance, feedback and support to learners to ensure that they are able to apply what they have learned.
   Real-life example: A high school teacher is lecturing on history to a class of students.

2. Training: Training refers to developing a particular skill or set of skills in a learner. It involves a more practical approach, with a focus on practice and repetition, to ensure that the learner can effectively perform the desired tasks. The role of a coach is to provide practical guidance, feedback and support to learners to ensure that they can perform the tasks efficiently.
   Real-life example: A basketball coach provides training sessions to improve his team's dribbling and shooting skills.

3. Instruction: Instruction refers to the process of giving specific instructions or guidance on how to perform a task or accomplish a particular activity. It is usually provided step-by-step, and the learner is expected to follow the instructions precisely. The role of an instructor is to provide clear and concise guidance to ensure that the learner can perform the task correctly.

Difference Between Teaching and Training

Definition

Teaching is the sharing of knowledge or giving instructions on how to do something, while training is the practical side of the learning, provide which provides people skills they need to perform a certain task.

Nature

The main difference between teaching and training is that teaching is an academic activity, whereas training is a learning process.

What Students Gain

Although teachers provide knowledge on a specific subject or topic, training provides instructions, guidelines, and skills and helps to develop their performance.

Theory vs Practice

Teaching mainly involves theory, whereas training involves a practical approach.

Focus

Teaching focuses on education and knowledge, while training focuses on skills and abilities.

Classroom

Teaching takes place in a classroom environment, although the training often takes place in a work environment. Nevertheless, there are also instances where training is given in a typical classroom environment.

Conclusion

The main difference between teaching and training is that teaching is the process of sharing knowledge and experience, which focuses more on theories, whereas training is the process of acquiring and learning skills, which focuses more on hands-on experience.

Points of difference between teaching and training

Teaching

• Teaching is mostly theoretically oriented

• Teaching fills the mind.

• Teaching provides new knowledge to the people

• Teaching continues for a long time.

• Teaching is a broader area.

• Teaching does not follow a very rigid approach

• Teaching usually refers to classroom learning

• The teacher provides information, knowledge, and experiences during the teaching and learning process.

• Teaching gives limited knowledge covering extensive domains or areas of knowledge.

 Training

• Training is practical orient

• training shapes habits.

• Training helps already knowledgeable people to learn tools and techniques to apply them.

• Training is for a few days or a few months.

• Training is for specific areas.

• The training follows a rigid and systematic approach

• Training refers to workshops, seminars, role-plays, simulations, etc.

• Trainer facilitates learning during the training process.

• Training gives intensive information about a given domain.

From the above-mentioned points, we can clearly see that both teaching and training are different from each other.
Training is a specific program of skill development. It is a planned and systematic sequence of instruction under a competent trainer. It is a time-bound process. It equips the trainee with mindset and skill set.
Teaching, on the other hand, is not as specific as training. Its scope is broad and it often takes years to impart knowledge to learners through the teaching and    learning process

Teaching 

• Focuses on imparting knowledge or skills to learners through a variety of methods and techniques

• Emphasizes creating a classroom environment that encourages learning and active participation

• Includes developing and delivering lesson plans, assignments, and assessments

• Designed to enhance the knowledge, understanding and cognitive abilities of the students

• Can be conducted in a variety of settings including classroom, online and face-to-face tutoring

• May involve a wide range of teaching methods, such as lectures, group discussions and demonstrations

• May involve a theoretical approach that enables learners to think critically, analyze and solve problems

• Involves teachers who are experts in their subject areas and have a sound understanding of educational methods and principles

• To prepare learners for academic and intellectual growth and development

assesses learning through a variety of methods, including tests, assignments and projects

• Teaching can be both formal and formal and informal.

• Teaching brings about a change in behaviour.

• Education means the development of individual abilities.

•  Education is provided in the school, in the library, in religious and political groups, etc.

• The scope of methods used in teaching is very wide.

• Teaching can be with or without rules.

• Learning never ends.

• Teaching is an artificial and natural process.

• The curriculum of teaching is wide.

              Instruction 

• Focuses on providing step-by-step guidance to learners to perform a specific task or activity

• Emphasizes providing precise and clear instructions for learners to follow

involves demonstrating, modeling and explaining how to do something

• Designed to improve learners' practical abilities and performance in specific activities or tasks

typically conducted in a practical or practical setting such as a laboratory or workshop

typically involves demonstrating, modeling, and explaining how to do something in a particular way

• Can focus on a particular set of skills, knowledge, or behaviors that learners need to acquire in order to perform a specific task or activity

• Involves instructors who have extensive practical experience and knowledge of the particular task or activity being taught

• To prepare learners for practical and technical proficiency in a specific activity or task

• Assesses learning through observation, feedback, and evaluation of learners' performance in a directed activity or task

• The field of instruction is narrow and limited.

• Instruction is always formal.

• Instruction is a part of education.

• Instruction means imparting knowledge in a particular subject.

• Instruction is generally confined to the class-room.

• Speech method is generally used to impart instruction.

• Instruction is often carried out in a systematic manner within a definite framework of rules and regulations.

• The instruction ends in the classroom itself.

• Instruction is an artificial process.

• The course of instruction is compact and definite.

The purpose of instruction is to acquire factual information.